下面中文選擇翻譯自英文，名詞可能不容易了解, 詳情請讀英文。
巴爾幹半島（Balkans）名字來自巴爾幹山脈，從塞爾維亞-保加利亞邊境延伸至黑海, 右下圖上面的藍線使用多瑙河(Danube-Sava-Soča)邊界。 這地區是新石器時代（公元前7000年）中東農業向歐洲蔓延的路線。 在古代，這個地區有希臘人，伊利里亞人，培奧尼亞人，色雷斯和達契亞人等等。波斯帝國在公元前6世紀至5世紀入侵巴爾幹半島。公元2世紀，羅馬帝國征服了該地區，並帶來了羅馬文化和拉丁語。在6世紀，保加爾人和斯拉夫人抵達並組建了保加利亞帝國。在中世紀，拜占庭羅馬（395-1453）和保加利亞帝國之間發生了一系列戰爭。到了16世紀末，奧斯曼帝國從安納托利亞擴展到該地區成為控制力量。 在冷戰期間，巴爾幹地區的大多數國家都是由共產黨政府統治的。冷戰後, 南斯拉夫解散成為斯洛文尼亞，克羅地亞，波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那，馬其頓，黑山和塞爾維亞。希臘不同意馬其頓共和國（FYRM）的名稱, 事實上希臘國名為Hellas(希臘,粵語發音), 非Greece。
The Balkans takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch from the Serbian-Bulgarian border to the Black Sea.(Right map) the upper blue line is using the Danube–Sava–Soča river border.
The Balkans have been inhabited since the Paleolithic and are the route by which farming from the Middle East spread to Europe during the Neolithic (7000 BC).
In pre-classical and classical antiquity, this region was home to Greeks, Illyrians, Paeonians, Thracians, Dacians, and other ancient groups.
Persian Empire invaded the Balkans during 6th to 5th century BC.
In 2nd century, Roman Empire conquered most of the region and brought in Roman culture and Latin language.
In 6th century, Bulgars and Slavs arrived and formed the Bulgarian Empire.
During Middle Ages, a series of wars occured between Byzantine Roman (395–1453) and Bulgarian Empires.
By the end of the 16th-century, the Ottoman Empire had become the controlling force in the region after expanding from Anatolia through Thrace to the Balkans.
During the Cold War, most of the countries on the Balkans were governed by communist governments.
Dissolution of Yugoslavia into Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. An issue emerged over the name of Republic of Macedonia (FYRM) with Greece. Greece (Greek: Ελλάδα), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellinikí Dimokratía), historically also known as Hellas (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς)
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